2-n: More on the Icelandic, Aure and Trøndersk and languages
I. More Icelandic sample sentences, and pre-Norse
II. On the Trøndersk language
In the Trøndelag regions of Norway the native dialects are commonly referred to as Trøndersk or Trøndermål. I think that these dialects could also be referred to as a language. Trøndersk has many variants throughout the counties of Nord-Trøndelg, Sør-Trøndelag, and to some extent in the bordering regions of these counties. Commonly the first person singular pronoun is æ, although e and eg are also common, with other variants such as æg also found. For example æ kjæm frå bya - “I come from the town”, in Bokmål Norwegian: jeg kommer fra byen, in Nynorsk Norwegian: eg kjem frå bya. Below are some more examples in the way in which I would speak Trøndersk in the coastal Innherad region, although within Innherad as a whole there are numerous smaller Trøndersk dialects, some of which differ a fair bit from the examples shown here. The broad capital L represents the retroflex flap or "Tjukk L". Note that when i occurs before nn it indicates palatalisation of the n, sometimes described as a palatalisation that occurs before the [n], for example in the words kjeinnt and lainne. The i in these words is thus not a true vowel.
1. god dag - good day
2. ka heite du?/ka du heite? - what are you called?
3. æ heite... - I am called
4. kor e storvatne? - where is the big lake?
5. æ ska kåmmå heim ætte fæst'n - I shall come home after the party
6. legend’n e kjeinnt over heile lainne - the legend is known over the whole land
7. gamLekaill'n bur i daL’n - the old man lives in the valley
8. dæm prate TrønnermåL å Sørsamisk - they speak Trøndersk and Southern Sámi
9. æ veit itj ka fjoL'n heite - I do not know what the fjord is called
10. vilj du jærn dainnse me mæ? - would you like to dance with me?
11. no ferstå æ TrønnermåL - now I understand Trøndersk
12. æ veit itj om troill som bur i daL'n - I do not know about trolls that live in the valley
13. TronnheimfjoL'n kainn ses frå Steintjer - The Trondheim Fjord can be seen from Steinkjer
14. dæm prate Jæmsk på svænsk sida av græns'n - they speak Jämtlandic on the Swedish side of the border
15. Sørsamisk prates båe i Noreg og i Jæmtlainn - Southern Sámi is spoken both in Norway and in Jämtland
16. ka tænkje du om bLåbær? - "what do you think about blueberries?"
In standard Norwegian Bokmål, these sentences would be as follows:
1. god dag
2. hva heter du?
3. jeg heter...
4. hvor er det store vannet/den store innsjøen?
5. jeg skal komme hjem etter festen
6. legenden er kjent over hele landet
7. den gamle mannen bor i dalen
8. de snakker Trøndersk og Sørsamisk
9. jeg vet ikke hva fjorden heter
10. vil du gjerne danse med meg? nå forstår jeg Trøndersk
11. nå forstår jeg Trøndersk
12. jeg vet om inget troll som bor i dalen
13. Trondheimfjorden kan ses fra Steinkjer
14. de snakker Jamtsk på den svenske siden av grensen
15. Sørsamisk snakkes både i Norge og i Jemtland
16. hva synes du/tenker du om blåbær?
There is also a fair amount of vocabulary which is unique to the Trøndersk language, for example a sudden gust of wind, vindkast in Bokmål, may be called rosso in Trøndersk, which is related to the Aurgjelding word råsså given below. An interesting word for "cod" in Trøndersk is jedd, normally torsk in Norwegian. The word modde is also used in Trøndersk for "cod", and is related to the word möddje in the Aurgjelding language given in the next section.
III. On the Aure language
The Aure language, Aurgjelding or Auremål is a dialect of the traditional Nordmørsmål language or group of Norwegian dialects, spoken in the Nordmøre district of Møre and Romsdal County. The Aurgjelding language shares a lot in common with other dialects of Møre and Romsdal, and also with dialects in other parts of northern Westland, for example those of Sognefjord. Aurgjelding also shares a fair bit in common with Trøndersk, and the Aure distrinct, which is coastal, is not so far from the border with Trøndelag. I have briefly discussed the Aure or Aurgjelding language a few times in other publications. Aure as a region is referred to generally as Aur or as Öre in Aurgjelding.
For example, as in Trøndersk, the first person singular pronoun is often æ, but the forms ɛ and e are also found in some parts of the region. This dialect has some interesting vocabulary, for example råsså - a "sudden gust of wind"/vindkast in Bokmål; and for example möddje - "cod", normally: torsk, and ugga - the fins of a fish. Another curious word I have also discussed elsewhere is głeiɲɲ, meaning an "opening in a forest", which bares an interesting phonetic and semantic similarity to Scottish Gaelic gleann - "valley", in a sense that a valley is also a form of opening or pathway through mountains, rather than a forest.